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The Spectra of T Dwarfs. I. Near-Infrared Data and Spectral Classification
We present near-infrared spectra for a sample of T dwarfs, including 11new discoveries made using the 2 Micron All Sky Survey. These objectsare distinguished from warmer (L-type) brown dwarfs by the presence ofmethane absorption bands in the 1-2.5 μm spectral region. A firstattempt at a near-infrared classification scheme for T dwarfs is made,based on the strengths of CH4 and H2O bands andthe shapes of the 1.25, 1.6, and 2.1 μm flux peaks. Subtypes T1 V-T8V are defined, and spectral indices useful for classification arepresented. The subclasses appear to follow a decreasing Teffscale, based on the evolution of CH4 and H2O bandsand the properties of L and T dwarfs with known distances. However, wespeculate that this scale is not linear with spectral type for cooldwarfs, due to the settling of dust layers below the photosphere andsubsequent rapid evolution of spectral morphology aroundTeff~1300-1500 K. Similarities in near-infrared colors andcontinuity of spectral features suggest that the gap between the latestL dwarfs and earliest T dwarfs has been nearly bridged. This argument isstrengthened by the possible role of CH4 as a minor absorber,shaping the K-band spectra of the latest L dwarfs. Finally, we discussone peculiar T dwarf, 2MASS 0937+2931, which has very blue near-infraredcolors (J-Ks=-0.89+/-0.24) due to suppression of the 2.1μm peak. The feature is likely caused by enhanced collision-inducedH2 absorption in a high-pressure or low-metallicityphotosphere.
| UvbyHbeta_ photometry of main sequence A type stars.
We present Stroemgren uvby and Hbeta_ photometry for a set of575 northern main sequence A type stars, most of them belonging to theHipparcos Input Catalogue, with V from 5mag to 10mag and with knownradial velocities. These observations enlarge the catalogue we began tocompile some years ago to more than 1500 stars. Our catalogue includeskinematic and astrophysical data for each star. Our future goal is toperform an accurate analysis of the kinematical behaviour of these starsin the solar neighbourhood.
| Observational evidence for the pulsational stability of some AP stars
Sixteen peculiar A type stars (one of them questionable) and two Amstars have been observed photometrically during a continuous observingrun of 2 to 4 hours each, to check them for pulsational stability. AllAp stars proved to be of constant brightness to within about thestandard duration of 0.002 to 0.003 mag, except for an eventuallong-term variability due to rotation. Therefore, no observationalevidence from this side can be brought up against diffusion as apossible mechanism responsible for peculiar atmospheres. Both Am starsalso proved to be of constant brightness. Four new pulsating variablestars have been discovered from observations in the program.
| A finding list of early-type stars near the south galactic pole.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971AJ.....76..338S&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Aquarius |
| Right ascension: | 23h52m39.88s |
| Declination: | -18°33'42.7" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 6.827 |
| Distance: | 82.713 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 25.5 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -1.4 |
| B-T magnitude: | 6.947 |
| V-T magnitude: | 6.837 |
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