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Cepheid Masses: FUSE Observations of S Muscae
S Mus is the Cepheid with the hottest known companion. The largeultraviolet flux means that it is the only Cepheid companion for whichthe velocity amplitude could be measured with the echelle mode of theHST GHRS. Unfortunately, the high temperature is difficult to constrainat wavelengths longer than 1200 Å because of the degeneracybetween temperature and reddening. We have obtained a FUSE spectrum inorder to improve the determination of the temperature of the companion.Two regions that are temperature sensitive near 16,000 K but relativelyunaffected by H2 absorption (940 Å and the Lyβwings) have been identified. By comparing FUSE spectra of S Mus B withspectra of standard stars, we have determined a temperature of17,000+/-500 K. The resulting Cepheid mass is 6.0+/-0.4Msolar. This mass is consistent with main-sequenceevolutionary tracks with a moderate amount of convective overshoot.Based on observations made with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far UltravioletSpectroscopic Explorer satellite. FUSE is operated for NASA by JohnsHopkins University, under NASA contract NAS5-32985.
| FUSE Measurements of Far-Ultraviolet Extinction. I. Galactic Sight Lines
We present extinction curves that include data down to far-ultravioletwavelengths (FUV; 1050-1200 Å) for nine Galactic sight lines. TheFUV extinction was measured using data from the Far UltravioletSpectroscopic Explorer. The sight lines were chosen for their unusualextinction properties in the infrared through the ultraviolet; that theyprobe a wide range of dust environments is evidenced by the large spreadin their measured ratios of total to selective extinction,RV=2.43-3.81. We find that extrapolation of the Fitzpatrick& Massa relationship from the ultraviolet appears to be a goodpredictor of the FUV extinction behavior. We find that predictions ofthe FUV extinction based on the Cardelli, Clayton, & Mathis (CCM)dependence on RV give mixed results. For the seven extinctioncurves well represented by CCM in the infrared through ultraviolet(x<8 μm-1), the FUV extinction is well predicted inthree sight lines, overpredicted in two sight lines, and underpredictedin two sight lines. A maximum entropy method analysis using a simplethree-component grain model shows that seven of the nine sight lines inthe study require a larger fraction of grain materials to be in dustwhen FUV extinction is included in the models. Most of the added grainmaterial is in the form of small (radii <~ 200 Å) grains.Based on observations with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far UltravioletSpectroscopic Explorer, which is operated by the Johns HopkinsUniversity under NASA contract NAS5-32985.
| Herbig Ae/Be Stars in nearby OB Associations
We have carried out a study of the early-type stars in nearby OBassociations spanning an age range of ~3-16 Myr, with the aim ofdetermining the fraction of stars that belong to the Herbig Ae/Be class.We studied the B, A, and F stars in the nearby (<=500 pc) OBassociations Upper Scorpius, Perseus OB2, Lacerta OB1, and Orion OB1,with membership determined from Hipparcos data. We also included in ourstudy the early-type stars in the Trumpler 37 cluster, part of the CepOB2 association. We obtained spectra for 440 Hipparcos stars in theseassociations, from which we determined accurate spectral types, visualextinctions, effective temperatures, luminosities and masses, usingHipparcos photometry. Using colors corrected for reddening, we find thatthe Herbig Ae/Be stars and the classical Be (CBe) stars occupy clearlydifferent regions in the JHK diagram. Thus, we use the location on theJHK diagram, as well as the presence of emission lines and of strong 12μm flux relative to the visual, to identify the Herbig Ae/Be stars inthe associations. We find that the Herbig Ae/Be stars constitute a smallfraction of the early-type stellar population even in the youngerassociations. Comparing the data from associations with different agesand assuming that the near-infrared excess in the Herbig Ae/Be starsarises from optically thick dusty inner disks, we determined theevolution of the inner disk frequency with age. We find that the innerdisk frequency in the age range 3-10 Myr in intermediate-mass stars islower than that in the low-mass stars (<1 Msolar) inparticular, it is a factor of ~10 lower at ~3 Myr. This indicates thatthe timescales for disk evolution are much shorter in theintermediate-mass stars, which could be a consequence of more efficientmechanisms of inner disk dispersal (viscous evolution, dust growth, andsettling toward the midplane).
| Empirical Absolute Magnitudes, Luminosities and Effective Temperatures of SPB Variables and the Problem of Variability Classification of Monoperiodic Stars
We derive semi--empirical log L/Lodot for 27 stars classifiedas SPB on the basis of Hipparcos photometry and we plot these stars onthe log Teff-log L/Lodot diagram. We confirmpulsations of HIP 63210 and HIP 108348 and show that luminosities andmasses derived from photometry are of limited use for asteroseismology.For HIP 69174 and 77227, two SB2 systems with an SPB primary, we computethe age of the systems, the orbital inclination - i, the large semi-axis- a, and the masses, radii, log Teff, log g and logL/Lodot of the components.We discover five new multiperiodic stars classified in the literature asSPB, namely, HIP 5161, 20963, 26243, 26464 and 44996. One of thesestars, HIP 26243, shows periods on the time-scales of days and hours.Finally, we discuss classification of monoperiodic SPBs and show thatphotometry combined with evolutionary models can be helpful inpreselecting tentative pulsators.
| Metallicities of the SPB stars from the IUE ultraviolet spectra
We derived the stellar parameters (angular diameters, effectivetemperatures, metallicities) and interstellar reddenings for 20 SPB and34 reference stars observed during the IUE satellite mission. Theparameters were derived by means of an algorithmic procedure of fittingtheoretical flux distributions to the low-resolution IUE spectra andoptical spectrophotometric observations. Since the metallicity [m/H] hasa special importance for pulsating B type stars, we focused ourattention on that parameter. We found that the mean value of themetallicity of the considered SPB and reference stars amounts to [m/H] ~-0.20. The results only slightly depend on the reduction procedure usedfor the IUE images (NEWSIPS and INES). The metal abundances obtained inthis paper are in accordance with the average value of -0.2 dex forstars in the solar neighborhood recently reported by otherinvestigators.Tables 3-7 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/404/689
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| The 74th Special Name-list of Variable Stars
We present the Name-list introducing GCVS names for 3153 variable starsdiscovered by the Hipparcos mission.
| Photoelectric Photometry of Stars in the Orion Standard Region
Magnitudes and color indices in the Vilnius seven-color photometricsystem are given for 108 stars in the Orion standard region around theOrion Belt and the star lambda Orionis. New spectral and luminosityclasses, estimated from the photometric data, are given for some of thestars.
| Study of an unbiased sample of B stars observed with Hipparcos: the discovery of a large amount of new slowly pulsating B stars
We present a classification of 267 new variable B-type stars discoveredby Hipparcos. We have used two different classification schemes and theyboth result in only a few new beta Cephei stars, a huge number of newslowly pulsating B stars, quite some supergiants with alpha Cyg-typevariations and variable CP stars, and further some new periodic Be starsand eclipsing binaries. Our results clearly point out the biased naturetowards short-period variables of earlier, ground-based surveys ofvariable stars. The position of the new beta Cephei stars and slowlypulsating B stars in the HR diagram is determined by means of Genevaphotometry and is confronted with the most recent calculations of theinstability strips for both groups of variables. We find that the newbeta Cephei stars are situated in the blue part of the instability stripand that the new slowly pulsating B stars almost fully cover thetheoretical instability domain determined for such stars. Thesupergiants with alpha Cyg-type variations are situated between theinstability strips of the beta Cephei and the slowly pulsating B starson the one hand and previously known supergiants that exhibitmicrovariations on the other hand. This suggests some connection betweenthe variability caused by the kappa mechanism acting in a zone ofpartially ionised metals and the unknown cause of the variations insupergiants.
| Far-Ultraviolet (912--1900 Angstrom ) Energy Distribution in Early-Type Main-Sequence Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995ApJ...449..280C&db_key=AST
| A study of some stars with circumstellar dust envelopes. I
We present the results of a study of circumstellar dust envelopes of 36stars of early(O-B-A) types in the directions of the associations CasOB1, Cas OB2, Per OB1, and Ori OB1. We determine the absorption at 1640Å, the linear radius of the dust envelopes, the mean value of thecoefficient k, and the masses of the envelopes. They differsignificantly from one another.
| An Einstein Observatory SAO-based catalog of B-type stars
About 4000 X-ray images obtained with the Einstein Observatory are usedto measure the 0.16-4.0 keV emission from 1545 B-type SAO stars fallingin the about 10 percent of the sky surveyed with the IPC. Seventy-fourdetected X-ray sources with B-type stars are identified, and it isestimated that no more than 15 can be misidentified. Upper limits to theX-ray emission of the remaining stars are presented. In addition tosummarizing the X-ray measurements and giving other relevant opticaldata, the present extensive catalog discusses the reduction process andanalyzes selection effects associated with both SAO catalog completenessand IPC target selection procedures. It is concluded that X-rayemission, at the level of Lx not less than 10 exp 30 ergs/s, is quitecommon in B stars of early spectral types (B0-B3), regardless ofluminosity class, but that emission, at the same level, becomes lesscommon, or nonexistent, in later B-type stars.
| The Orion complex according to observations of the space telescope Glazar.
Not Available
| Stars of Early Types in the Region of Stellar Association OB1 Observed with the Glazar Telescope
Not Available
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| The small scale structure of the interstellar medium in the Orion association: The flotsam of star formation
The small scale dynamics and structure of the interstellar medium of theOrion OB1b, c association was studied using IUE high dispersion SWP andLWR/LWP spectra. The area surveyed centers on the Belt and encompassesthe Orion Cloak. The dynamics and abundances of the ionized and warmneutral gas surrounding the central parts of the association aredetermined using 35 B stars. Results are compared with the picture ofthe Orion interstellar medium gained using COPERNICUS, especially forthe structure and dynamics of the Orion Cloak.
| IUE observations of the broad continuum feature at 1400 A in the silicon and related stars
The upper main sequence chemically peculiar stars have previously beenstudied spectrophotometrically using low-resolution TD-1 spectra. Theseshow that the broad continuum feature at 1400 A is a useful indicator ofSi anomaly. In this paper the observations are extended to IUElow-resolution spectra and it is shown that this feature is indeed wellcorrelated with Si and also with optical chemical peculiarity indices.Its utility in selecting silicon stars is further demonstrated. Thisfeature is likely due to autoionization of Si II and is the bestavailable discriminator of the overabundance of a key element in the Apstars.
| Absolute photometry of the southern Orion region in the vacuum ultraviolet (1300-2000 A)
Absolute photometry of the southern Orion region was carried out forfive passbands in the vacuum ultraviolet (1300-2000 A, Delta Lambda = 84A) with a rocket-borne spectrometer. More than 60 early-type stars andthe diffuse background radiation were observed within the raster-scannedfield of 8 x 8 deg centered at alpha = 5 h 30 m and delta = -4 deg.Stellar data suggest a revision of the current absolute scale by 10-30percent, which relatively suppresses the flux toward shorterwavelengths. The present data of the background radiation have thehighest spectral resolution among those published and indicate a steepsystematic increase of the flux toward shorter wavelengths. Directconsequences of the new calibration are briefly discussed.
| Kinematical studies of open clusters and OB-associations from relative radial velocity observations. II - The Orion Belt region
Relative radial velocities have been obtained for 66 stars of theclustering Cr 70 in the Orion Belt region. The peculiar frequencydistribution of the radial velocities is discussed. Their conspicuoussystematical spatial distribution corresponds perfectly to the gradientof distance moduli found by Hardie et al. (1964). Therefore the presenceof two additional subgroupings in the Ori OB 1 association is proposed.Comparison with the radial velocities in the various subgroups of theOri OB 1 complex as defined by Blaauw (1964) does not yet reveal aconsistent kinematical picture.
| Apparent radii and other parameters for 416 B5 V-F5 V stars of the catalogue of the Geneva Observatory
Apparent radius, visual brightness, effective temperature and absoluteradius for 416 B5 v-F5 v stars of the catalogue of the GenevaObservatory (Rufener, 1976) have been determined. Twenty-eight stars,anomalous in log a" versus (m~)o diagrams, have been singled out. A goodcorrelation for seven stars, in common with the list of Hanbury Brown etal. (1974), has been found. Similar parameters determined for 279 B5v-F5 v stars of two preceding papers (Fracassini et al., 1973, 1975)have allowed us to determine the averaged diagrams , and versus (B -V)0 for 695 B5 v-F5 v stars. Moreover, in the present paper a goodcorrelation versus and carefulrelation = -7.40 + 3.31 for B5v-F5 V stars have been determined. Plain correlations between log R/R0and blanketing parameter m2 for some spectral types seem to point outthat there are real differences in the absolute radii of stars of thesame spectral type, in agreement with recent researches on the HRdiagram (Houck and Fesen, 1978). Systematic differences between double(spectroscopic and visual) and single stars are found. In particular,the averaged relation versus shows that A2v-F5 v double stars may have a higher metallicity index m2 and smallerabsolute radii than single stars. Finally, the diagram log v sin iversus log R/R0 confirms some properties of binary systems found byother researchers (Huang, 1966; Plavec, 1970; Levato, 1974; Kitamura andKondo, 1978)
| A catalogue of stellar spectrophotometric data
A list of 378 sets of stellar energy distributions for 356 stars basedon photoelectric spectrophotometry is presented. Data from eight sourceshave been transformed to the Hayes-Latham calibration of Alpha Lyrae.The procedure follows that of Breger (1976) and the present list extendsprevious data, especially for stars of earliest and intermediatespectral types.
| A photometric study of the Orion OB 1 association. III - Subgroup analyses
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978ApJS...36..497W&db_key=AST
| Two sparse open clusters in the region of Collinder 132.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..803C&db_key=AST
| Spectral types in the ORI OB1 association.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..797A&db_key=AST
| A photometric study of the Orion OB 1 association. I - Observational data.
A catalog of observational data is presented for stars in the region ofthe young stellar association Orion OB 1. Photoelectric observationsobtained in the uvby-beta and UBV systems are compiled along withprevious photoelectric and spectroscopic data for all these stars aswell as for several bright members of the association with availablephotometric indices. Mean weighted values are computed for thephotometric data and summarized in tables expected to be reasonablycomplete for association members earlier than spectral type A0.Membership criteria are derived, and qualitative membershipprobabilities summarized, for the 526 stars in the final program. Theanalytical procedures are discussed for association stars of B,intermediate, and AF types. Effects of the nebular environment andvarious calibrations of Balmer-line and four-color indices areconsidered for the determination of absolute magnitudes for the B-typestars.
| Spectral classification in the belt of ORI OB1.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1976AJ.....81..537G&db_key=AST
| Evidence of helium abundance differences between young groups of stars
Seven groups of B-type stars - Sco-Cen, NGC 6231, LacOBI,OriOBIb, h + chi Per, CepOBIII, and field stars - wereinvestigated photoelectrically to determine whether helium abundance isuniform in the solar neighborhood and in a region of the spiral arm ofthe Galaxy. Observations were performed using an echelle spectrometer inthe narrow band index of the I (4026) of the He I-4026 line. Amodel-atmosphere analysis of I (4026) and the beta index of the H betaline shows that in the spectral range B O-B 2, the relation between I(4026) and beta is insensitive to differences in the surface gravity butsensitive to differences in the helium to hydrogen ratio. It is foundthat stars in the two groups most distant from the sun - h + chi Per andCepOBIII - have a lower helium abundance than stars in the solarneighborhood.
| Rotational velocities in the ORI association.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974AJ.....79.1073S&db_key=AST
| A search for He-weak stars in very young clusters.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1972A&A....19..482B&db_key=AST
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