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A revisit to agglomerates of early-type Hipparcos stars
% We study the spatial structure and sub-structure of regions rich in{Hipparcos} stars with blue B_T-V_T colours. These regions, whichcomprise large stellar complexes, OB associations, and young openclusters, are tracers of on-going star formation in the Galaxy. TheDBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)data clustering algorithm is used to look for spatial overdensities ofearly-type stars. Once an overdensity, ``agglomerate'', is identified,we carry out a data and bibliographic compilation of their star membercandidates. The actual membership in agglomerate of each early-type staris studied based on its heliocentric distance, proper motion, andprevious spectro-photometric information. We identify 35 agglomerates ofearly-type {Hipparcos} stars. Most of them are associated to previouslyknown clusters and OB associations. The previously unknown P Puppisagglomerate is subject of a dedicated study with Virtual Observatorytools. It is actually a new, nearby, young open cluster (d ˜ 470pc, age ˜ 20 Ma) with a clear radial density gradient. We list PPuppis and other six agglomerates (including NGC 2451 A, vdBH 23, andTrumpler 10) as new sites for substellar searches because of theiryouth, closeness, and spatial density. We investigate in detail thesub-structure in the Orion, CMa-Pup and Pup-Vel OB complexes(``super-agglomerates''). We confirm or discover some stellaroverdensities in the Orion complex, like the 25 Ori group, the Horseheadregion (including the σ Orionis cluster), and the η Orionisagglomerate. Finally, we derive accurate parallactic distances to thePleiades, NGC 2451 A, and IC 2391, describe several field early-typestars at d < 200 pc, and discuss the incompleteness of our search.
| New Estimates of the Solar-Neighborhood Massive Star Birthrate and the Galactic Supernova Rate
The birthrate of stars of masses >=10 Msolar is estimatedfrom a sample of just over 400 O3-B2 dwarfs within 1.5 kpc of the Sunand the result extrapolated to estimate the Galactic supernova ratecontributed by such stars. The solar-neighborhood Galactic-plane massivestar birthrate is estimated at ~176 stars kpc-3Myr-1. On the basis of a model in which the Galactic stellardensity distribution comprises a ``disk+central hole'' like that of thedust infrared emission (as proposed by Drimmel and Spergel), theGalactic supernova rate is estimated at probably not less than ~1 normore than ~2 per century and the number of O3-B2 dwarfs within the solarcircle at ~200,000.
| Catalog of Galactic OB Stars
An all-sky catalog of Galactic OB stars has been created by extendingthe Case-Hamburg Galactic plane luminous-stars surveys to include 5500additional objects drawn from the literature. This work brings the totalnumber of known or reasonably suspected OB stars to over 16,000.Companion databases of UBVβ photometry and MK classifications forthese objects include nearly 30,000 and 20,000 entries, respectively.
| The region of Collinder 121
The distribution of bright B-type stars in a field with a radius of5° centred at the Galactic open cluster Cr 121 is studied utilizingStrömgren and Hβ photometry. All PPM stars earlier thanspectral type A0 are used, revealing a loose nearby structure at adistance of 660-730pc, and a compact more distant group, which appearsto be a genuine cluster: Cr 121. Based on similar coordinates, distancesand positions on the colour-magnitude (CM) and Hertzsprung-Russell (HR)diagrams, 11 photometric cluster members are selected at a mean distanceof 1085(+/-41 standard error) pc. The results are discussed in the lightof both classical and Hipparcos points of view.
| The distribution of bright OB stars in the Canis Major-Puppis-Vela region of the Milky Way
The picture of the young stellar groups in the Canis Major-Puppis-Vela(215 deg
| Strömgren and Hβ photometry of O and B type stars in star-forming regions. I. Canis Major - Puppis - Vela
Strömgren and Hβ photometry of OB-stars generally brighterthan 9.5 mag in the Canis Major - Puppis - Vela region of Milky Way isreported. The observations are based on the Milky Way luminous-star (LS)identifications and are designed to create a complete, magnitude-limitedsample of LS for this field. We present new uvby photometry for 127 LSand Hβ photometry for 25 of them. These observations are part of anongoing effort to improve the completeness of the existing uvbybetadata-base for the bright OB-type stars in the Milky Way, with the aim toinvestigate the structure of selected star-forming regions. Based ondata from the Strömgren Automatic Telescope of the CopenhagenAstronomical Observatory, La Silla. Tables 3 and 4 are only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to 130.79.128.5 or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| A HIPPARCOS Census of the Nearby OB Associations
A comprehensive census of the stellar content of the OB associationswithin 1 kpc from the Sun is presented, based on Hipparcos positions,proper motions, and parallaxes. It is a key part of a long-term projectto study the formation, structure, and evolution of nearby young stellargroups and related star-forming regions. OB associations are unbound``moving groups,'' which can be detected kinematically because of theirsmall internal velocity dispersion. The nearby associations have a largeextent on the sky, which traditionally has limited astrometricmembership determination to bright stars (V<~6 mag), with spectraltypes earlier than ~B5. The Hipparcos measurements allow a majorimprovement in this situation. Moving groups are identified in theHipparcos Catalog by combining de Bruijne's refurbished convergent pointmethod with the ``Spaghetti method'' of Hoogerwerf & Aguilar.Astrometric members are listed for 12 young stellar groups, out to adistance of ~650 pc. These are the three subgroups Upper Scorpius, UpperCentaurus Lupus, and Lower Centaurus Crux of Sco OB2, as well as VelOB2, Tr 10, Col 121, Per OB2, alpha Persei (Per OB3), Cas-Tau, Lac OB1,Cep OB2, and a new group in Cepheus, designated as Cep OB6. Theselection procedure corrects the list of previously known astrometricand photometric B- and A-type members in these groups and identifiesmany new members, including a significant number of F stars, as well asevolved stars, e.g., the Wolf-Rayet stars gamma^2 Vel (WR 11) in Vel OB2and EZ CMa (WR 6) in Col 121, and the classical Cepheid delta Cep in CepOB6. Membership probabilities are given for all selected stars. MonteCarlo simulations are used to estimate the expected number of interloperfield stars. In the nearest associations, notably in Sco OB2, thelater-type members include T Tauri objects and other stars in the finalpre-main-sequence phase. This provides a firm link between the classicalhigh-mass stellar content and ongoing low-mass star formation. Detailedstudies of these 12 groups, and their relation to the surroundinginterstellar medium, will be presented elsewhere. Astrometric evidencefor moving groups in the fields of R CrA, CMa OB1, Mon OB1, Ori OB1, CamOB1, Cep OB3, Cep OB4, Cyg OB4, Cyg OB7, and Sct OB2, is inconclusive.OB associations do exist in many of these regions, but they are eitherat distances beyond ~500 pc where the Hipparcos parallaxes are oflimited use, or they have unfavorable kinematics, so that the groupproper motion does not distinguish it from the field stars in theGalactic disk. The mean distances of the well-established groups aresystematically smaller than the pre-Hipparcos photometric estimates.While part of this may be caused by the improved membership lists, arecalibration of the upper main sequence in the Hertzsprung-Russelldiagram may be called for. The mean motions display a systematicpattern, which is discussed in relation to the Gould Belt. Six of the 12detected moving groups do not appear in the classical list of nearby OBassociations. This is sometimes caused by the absence of O stars, but inother cases a previously known open cluster turns out to be (part of) anextended OB association. The number of unbound young stellar groups inthe solar neighborhood may be significantly larger than thoughtpreviously.
| New OB-Association in Pup - CMA
Not Available
| UBV beta Database for Case-Hamburg Northern and Southern Luminous Stars
A database of photoelectric UBV beta photometry for stars listed in theCase-Hamburg northern and southern Milky Way luminous stars surveys hasbeen compiled from the original research literature. Consisting of over16,000 observations of some 7300 stars from over 500 sources, thisdatabase constitutes the most complete compilation of such photometryavailable for intrinsically luminous stars around the Galactic plane.Over 5000 stars listed in the Case-Hamburg surveys still lackfundamental photometric data.
| Supplementary southern standards for UBV(RI)c photometry
We present UBV(RI)c photometry for 80 southern red and blue stars foruse as additional standards. The data are tied to the Johnson UBV andCousins (RI)c systems and extend the range of the available stars forcolor equation determination, especially in (U-B) for blue stars and(V-R) and (V-I) for red stars. Comparisons with published data are madeand particularly good agreement is found with Bessell for the red(Gliese) stars.
| A spectroscopic database for Stephenson-Sanduleak Southern Luminous Stars
A database of published spectral classifications for objects in theStepenson-Sanduleak Luminous Stars in the Southern Milky Way catalog hasbeen compiled from the literature. A total of 6182 classifications for2562 stars from 139 sources are incorporated.
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| Broad-band photometry of selected southern ultraviolet-bright stars.
Not Available
| UBV photometry for southern OB stars
New UBV photometry of 1227 OB stars in the southern Milky Way ispresented. For 1113 of these stars, MK spectral types have been reportedpreviously in a comprehensive survey to B = 10.0 mag.
| A survey of ultraviolet objects
An all-sky survey of ultraviolet objects is presented together with astatistical analysis that leads to the conclusion that there is asignificantly higher population of hot subdwarfs lying below themain-sequence than hitherto thought. The distribution of all ultravioletobjects, main sequence ultraviolet objects, and MK unclassifiedultraviolet objects are shown in galactic coordinates, and the absolutemagnitudes and color-color diagrams for these groups are presented.Scale heights are derived, giving values similar to planetary nebulaefor the hottest groups.
| Optical observations of ultraviolet objects. I - Spectral classification of 103 stars /l = 200-275 deg/
Results are presented of a program of spectral classification of 103stars originally selected as ultraviolet objects from TD-1 satellitephotometry with the S2/68 experiment. Most of the objects appear to bespectroscopically normal stars; the method of selection yielded a sampleof relatively unreddened B stars at distances up to about 2 kpc. Thisresult is compared with recent studies of the spatial distribution ofinterstellar extinction in the same regions of the sky.
| On the 4430 A interstellar band - A visual classification
A system of visual classification of the strength of the interstellarband 4430 A has been developed, based on spectra taken at spectralclassification dispersion. The intensity of the band was divided into 8main classes, defined by a group of selected standard stars. The systemwas applied to 1,111 southern OB stars contained in the catalog ofspectral types by Garrison, Hiltner, and Schild (1977). The mean errorin the classification was estimated to be plus or minus 1 class.Equivalent widths were measured for 100 stars; an excellent correlationwith the visual estimations was obtained. A calibration between thesetwo parameters is given.
| Spectral types for early-type stars observed by SKYLAB
MK spectral types are presented for 246 early-type stars observed withthe S-019 ultraviolet stellar astronomy experiment on Skylab. K-linetypes are also given where applicable, and various peculiar stars areidentified. The peculiar stars include five silicon stars, a shell star,a helium-rich star, a silicon-strontium star, a chromium-europium star,and two marginal metallic-line stars.
| MK spectral classifications for southern OB stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977ApJS...35..111G&db_key=AST
| UBV, Hbeta and polarization measurements of 1660 southern OB stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977A&AS...27..215K&db_key=AST
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